Common Causes of Arachnoid Cysts
Most arachnoid cysts are congenital, meaning they develop before birth due to abnormal formation of the arachnoid membrane.
Other less common causes may include:
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Head trauma
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Prior brain or spinal surgery
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Infections or inflammation affecting the nervous system
An arachnoid cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops in the arachnoid membrane, one of the protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord. These cysts are typically filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and are often benign.
Many arachnoid cysts do not cause symptoms and are discovered during imaging for another condition. However, larger cysts may place pressure on nearby brain or spinal structures and require evaluation and treatment.
Arachnoid Cysts
How Can It Be Treated?
Treatment depends on the size, location, and whether the cyst is causing symptoms.
Treatment options may include:
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Observation and monitoring with imaging if the cyst is not causing problems
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Surgical treatment to relieve pressure or improve symptoms when needed
Surgical options may include procedures such as fenestration, where an opening is created in the cyst to allow fluid to drain, or other techniques recommended by a neurosurgeon based on the patient’s condition.